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See Ken Caldeira in group discussion of geoengineering.
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Staff Directory: Dr. Ken Caldeira
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Dr. Ken Caldeira
Climate and Carbon Cycle Modeling Group
Atmospheric Science Division
P.O. Box 808, L-103
Livermore, CA 94551-0808
Tel: 925-423-4191
Fax: 925-422-6388
e-mail: kenc@llnl.gov |
- General Research Interests
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- Global carbon cycle
- Marine biogeochemical cycles
- Carbon sequestration
- Climate
- Numerical simulation of climate and chemistry
- Chemical oceanography
- Energy policy
- Long-term evolution of Earths climate and geochemical cycles
Publications
Caldeira, K., and M.E. Wickett, Anthropogenic carbon and ocean pH (download PDF), Nature 425, 325-325, 2003.
Caldeira K, Jain, A.K., Hoffert, M.I., Climate sensitivity uncertainty and the need for energy without
CO2 emission (download PDF), Science, 299, 2052-2054, 2003.
Govindasamy, B., K. Caldeira and P.B. Duffy, Geoengineering Earth's radiation balance to mitigate climate
change from a quadrupling of CO2 (download PDF). Global and Planetary Change 37, 157-168 (2003)
Herzog, H.J., Caldeira, K., and Reilly, J., An issue of permanence: Assessing the effectiveness of temporary
carbon storage (download PDF). Climatic Change, in press (2003).
Hoffert, M.I., K. Caldeira, G. Benford, D.R. Criswell, C. Green, H. Herzog, J.W. Katzenberger, H.S. Kheshgi,
K.S. Lackner, J.S. Lewis, W. Manheimer, J.C. Mankins, G. Marland, M.E. Mauel, L.J. Perkins, M.E. Schlesinger, T. Volk, and
T.M.L. Wigley, Planning for future energy resources - Response (download PDF), Science 300, 582-584, 2003.
Ridgwell, A,J,, M.J. Kennedy, and K. Caldeira, Carbonate deposition, climate stability, and Neoproterozoic
ice ages (download PDF), Science 302, 859-862, 2003.
Wickett, M.E., K. Caldeira and P.B. Duffy, High-resolution simulations of oceanic direct-injection of
anthropogenic CO2 and CFC uptake (download PDF), Journal of Geophysical Research (Oceans), 108, art. no. 3189, 2003.
Wigley T, Caldeira K, Hoffert M, Santer B, Schlesinger M, Schneider S, Trenberth K, Climate Research,
Issues in Science and Technology, 19, 5-6, 2003.
Caldeira, K., What has posterity done for us? It's not the point (letter), Nature 420
(download PDF), 605-605, 2002.
Caldeira, K., M.E. Wickett, and P.B. Duffy. Depth, radiocarbon and the effectiveness of direct CO2
injection as an ocean carbon sequestration strategy (download PDF). Geophysical Research Letters, Geophysical Research Letters, 10.1029/2001GL014234, 2002.
Duffy, P.B., M.E. Wickett, and K. Caldeira, Effect of horizontal grid resolution on the near-equilibrium
solution of a global ocean/sea-ice model (download PDF), Journal of Geophysical Research (Oceans), 10.1029/2000JC000658, 2002.
Dutay, J.-C., J.L. Bullister, S.C. Doney, J.C. Orr, R. Najjar, K. Caldeira, J.-M. Champin, H. Drange, M. Follows,
Y. Gao, N. Gruber, M.W. Hecht, A. Ishida, F. Joos, K. Lindsay, G. Madec, E. Maier-Reimer, J.C. Marshall, R.J. Matear, P. Monfray,
G.-K. Plattner, J. Sarmiento, R. Schlitzer, R. Slater, I.J. Totterdell, M.-F. Weirig, Y. Yamanaka, and A. Yool, Evaluation
of ocean model ventilation with CFC-11: comparison of 13 global ocean models (download PDF). Ocean Modelling 4, 89-120, 2002.
Govindasamy, B., S. Thompson, P. Duffy, K. Caldeira and C. Delire, Impact of geoengineering schemes on
the terrestrial biosphere (download PDF). Geophysical Research Letters, 10.1029/2002GL015911, 2002.
Hoffert, M.I., K. Caldeira, G. Benford, D.R. Criswell, C. Green, H. Herzog, J.W. Katzenberger, H.S. Kheshgi,
K.S. Lackner, J.S. Lewis, W. Manheimer, J.C. Mankins, G. Marland, M.E. Mauel, L.J. Perkins, M.E. Schlesinger, T. Volk, and
T.M.L. Wigley, Advanced technology paths to global climate stability: Energy for a greenhouse planet (download PDF), Science 295, 981-987, 2002.
Lutz, M., R.L. Dunbar, and K. Caldeira, Regional variability in the vertical flux of particulate organic
carbon in the ocean interior (download PDF), Global Biogeogeochemical Cycles 16, U91-U110, 2002.
Pagani, M., K. H. Freeman, N. Ohkouchi, and K. Caldeira, Comparison of water column [CO2aq ] with sedimentary
alkenone-based estimates: A test of the alkenone-CO2 proxy (download PDF), Paleoceanography, 17(4), 1069, doi:10.1029/2002PA000756, 2002.
Randerson, J.T., I.G. Enting, E.A.G. Schuur, K. Caldeira, and I.Y. Fung, Seasonal and spatial dynamics
of troposphere 14CO2: Post bomb contributions from fossil fuels, oceans, the stratosphere, and the terrestrial biosphere
(download PDF), Global Biogeochemical Cycles, 10.1029/2002GB001876, 2002.
Rau, G.H., and K. Caldeira, Minimizing effects of CO2 storage in oceans (letter) (download PDF). Science 276, 275-276, 2002.
Herzog, H., K. Caldeira and E. Adams, Carbon Sequestration via Direct Injection (download PDF). In J H Steele, S A Thorpe and K K Turekian (eds) Encyclopedia of Ocean Sciences Vol. 1, pp
408 - 414. London, UK: Academic Press, 2001.
Govindasamy, B., P.B. Duffy, and K. Caldeira, Land use changes and Northern Hemisphere cooling (download PDF), Geophysical Research Letters 28, 291-294, 2001.
Caldeira, K., and P.B. Duffy, The role of the Southern Ocean in uptake and storage of anthropogenic carbon
dioxide (download PDF), Science 287, 620-622, 2000.
Caldeira, K., and G.H. Rau, Accelerating carbonate dissolution to sequester carbon dioxide in the ocean:
Geochemical implications (download PDF), Geophysical Research Letters, 27, 225-228, 2000.
Govindasamy, B., and Caldeira, K., Geoengineering Earths radiation balance to mitigate CO2-induced
climate change (download PDF), Geophysical Research Letters 27 , 2141-2144. 2000.
Guilderson, T.P., K. Caldeira, and P.B. Duffy, Radiocarbon as a diagnostic tracer in ocean and carbon
cycle modeling, Global Biogeochemical Cycles 14, 887-902, 2000.
Duffy, P.B., and Caldeira, K.G. Sensitivity of simulated salinities in a three dimensional ocean general
circulation model to vertical mixing of destabilizing surface fluxes, Climate Dynamics v. 15, 81-88,
1999.
Hoffert, M.I, Caldeira, K., Covey, C., Duffy, P.B., and Santer, B., Solar variability and anthropogenic
climate change (reply) (download PDF), Nature 401, 764-764, 1999.
Kerrick, D.M., and Caldeira, K., Was the Himalayan orogen a climatically-significant coupled source and
sink for atmospheric CO2 during the Cenozoic? (download PDF) Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., v. 173, 195-203, 1999.
Rau, G.H., and Caldeira, K. Enhanced carbonate dissolution: A means of sequestering waste CO2
as ocean bicarbonate (download PDF). Energy Conversion and Management 40, 1803-1813, 1999.
Caldeira, K., and R.A. Berner, The need for mass balance and feedback in the geochemical carbon cycle:
Reply (download PDF), Geology 26, 478-478, 1998.
Caldeira, K., and P.B. Duffy, Sensitivity of simulated CFC-11 distributions in a global ocean model to
the treatment of salt rejected during sea-ice formation, Geophys. Res. Lett. 25, 1003-1006, 1998.
Caldeira, K., G.H. Rau, and P.B. Duffy, Predicted net efflux of radiocarbon from the ocean and increase
in atmospheric radiocarbon content (download PDF), Geophys. Res. Lett. 25, 3811-3814, 1998.
Kerrick, D.M. and K. Caldeira, Metamorphic CO2 degassing from orogenic belts (download PDF), Chem. Geol. 145, 213-232, 1998.
Hoffert, M.I., Caldeira, K., Jain, A.K., Haites, E.F., and others. Energy implications of future stabilization
of atmospheric CO2 content (download PDF). Nature 395, 881-884, 1998.
Stephens, B.B., Keeling, R.F., Sarmiento, J., Six, K., Murnane, R., and K. Caldeira, Atmospheric oxygen
as a test of ocean carbon cycle models, Global Biogeochemical Cycles 12, 213-230, 1998.
Berner, R.A., and K. Caldeira, The need for mass balance and feedback in the geochemical carbon cycle,
Geology 25, 955-956, 1997.
Duffy, P. B., and K. Caldeira, Sensitivity of simulated salinity in a three-dimensional ocean model to
upper-ocean transport of salt from sea-ice formation, Geophys. Res. Lett. 24, 1323-1326, 1997.
Duffy, P.B., K. Caldeira, J. Selvaggi, and M.I. Hoffert, Effect of subgrid scale mixing parameterizations
on simulated distributions of natural 14C, temperature, and salinity in a three-dimensional ocean general circulation model,
J. Phys. Oceanogr. 27, 498-523, 1997.
Wehner, M.F., P.G. Eltgroth, A.A. Mirin, P.B. Duffy, K.G. Caldeira, J.H. Bolstad, H. Wang, C.M. Matarazzo
and U. Creach, Comprehensive climate system modeling on massively parallel computers, Mission Earth: Modeling
and Simulation for a Sustainable Global System, 37-42, M.G. Clymer and C.R. Mechoso, eds., Society for Computer Simulation
International, San Diego, California, 1997.
Caldeira, K., Late Permian extinctions (corr.), Science 274, 1550-1551, 1996.
Caldeira, K., IPCC report, chapter and verse (corr.), Nature 383, 214-214, 1996.
Caldeira, K., Long-term control of atmospheric carbon dioxide: low temperature sea-floor alteration or
terrestrial silicate-rock weathering?, Am. J. Sci. 295, 1077-1114, 1995.
Duffy, P.B., and K. Caldeira, A three-dimensional model calculation of ocean uptake of bomb 14C and implications
for the global budget of bomb 14C, Global Biogeochemical Cycles 9, 373-375, 1995.
Duffy, P.B., P. Eltgroth, A. J. Bourgeois, and K. Caldeira, Effect of improved subgrid scale transport
of tracers on uptake of bomb radiocarbon in the GFDL ocean general circulation model (download PDF), Geophys. Res. Lett. 22, 1065-1068, 1995.
Kerrick, D.M., M.A. McKibbon, T.M. Seward, and K. Caldeira, Convective hydrothermal CO2 emissions
from high heat flow regions (download PDF), Chem. Geology 121, 285-293, 1995.
Kerrick, D.M. and K. Caldeira, Post-125 Ma carbon storage associated with continent-continent collision
(comment). Geology 22, 381-382, 1994.
Rampino, M.R. and K. Caldeira, The Goldilocks problem: climatic evolution and long-term habitability of
terrestrial planets, Ann. Rev. Astron. Astrophys. 32, 83-114, 1994.
Caldeira, K., Arthur, M.A., Berner, R.A. and Lasaga, A.C., Cooling in the late Cenozoic (sci. corr.),
Nature 361, 123-124, 1993.
Caldeira, K. and J.F. Kasting, Insensitivity of global warming potentials to carbon dioxide emission scenarios,
Nature 366, 251-253, 1993.
Caldeira, K. and M.R. Rampino, Aftermath of the end-Cretaceous mass extinction possible biogeochemical
stabilization of the carbon cycle and climate (download PDF), Paleoceanography 8, 515-525, 1993.
Kerrick, D.M. and K. Caldeira, Paleoatmospheric consequences of CO2 released during Eocene
regional metamorphism in the Tethyan orogen, Chem. Geology 108, 201-230, 1993.
Rampino, M.R. and Caldeira, K., Major episodes of geologic change - correlations, time structure and possible
causes., Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 114, 215-227, 1993.
Caldeira, K., Enhanced Cenozoic chemical weathering and the subduction of pelagic carbonate, Nature
357, 578-581, 1992.
Caldeira, K. and Kasting, J.F., Life span of the biosphere revisited, Nature 360,
721-723, 1992.
Caldeira, K. and Kasting, J.F., Susceptibility of the early Earth to irreversible glaciation caused by
CO2 clouds, Nature 359, 226-228, 1992.
Caldeira, K. and Rampino, M.R., Mount Etna CO2 may affect climate (sci. corr.), Nature
355, 401-402, 1992.
Rampino, M.R. and Caldeira, K., Antipodal hotspots on the Earth, Geophys. Res. Lett. 19,
2011-2014, 1992.
Rampino, M.R. and Caldeira, K., Episodes of terrestrial geological activity during the past 260 million
years: A quantitative approach, Celestial Mechanics and Dynamical Astronomy 54, 143-159, 1992.
Caldeira, K., Evolutionary pressures on planktonic dimethylsulfide production, in, Schneider, S.H.
and Boston, P., eds., Scientists on Gaia, MIT Press, Cambridge, MA, 153-158, 1991.
Caldeira, K., Continental-pelagic carbonate partitioning and the global carbonate-silicate cycle,
Geology 19, 204-206, 1991.
Caldeira, K. and Rampino, M.R., The mid-Cretaceous super plume, carbon dioxide, and global warming,
Geophys. Res. Lett. 18, 987-990, 1991.
Caldeira, K. and Rampino, M.R., Carbon dioxide emissions from Deccan volcanism and a K/T boundary greenhouse
effect, Geophys. Res. Lett. 17, 1299-1302, 1990.
Caldeira, K., Evolutionary pressures on planktonic production of atmospheric sulphur, Nature
337, 632-634, 1989.
- Education
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- Ph.D., New York University, Atmospheric Sciences, Department of Applied Science
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- M.S., New York University, Atmospheric Sciences, Department of Applied Science
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- B.A., Rutgers College. (Major: Philosophy. Minor: Mathematics)
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